Intra-organizational communication plays a fundamental and indispensable role in promoting productivity, coordination, and overall operational coherence within complex, dynamic, and high risk industries such as oil and gas. Recognizing its strategic and multifaceted importance, this study seeks to diagnose major communication challenges and propose coherent and practical improvement strategies aimed at strengthening organizational effectiveness. A qualitative research design was adopted, centered on a comprehensive and systematic review of both domestic and international research in the broad field of organizational communication. Data were meticulously collected through the purposive selection of 20 studies (10 domestic and 10 international), chosen according to rigorous and predefined screening criteria to ensure completeness, accuracy, and reliability of the analysis. The thematic analysis method was employed as the principal analytical technique, complemented by continuous comparative evaluation during the coding process to derive robust, meaningful, and recurring conceptual categories. The findings revealed that the main obstacles to effective communication within the oil and gas sector include persistent structural weaknesses, behavioral and cultural barriers, limited attention to intercultural communication differences, inefficient crisis communication mechanisms, and inadequate utilization of modern communication technologies. Notably, domestic studies tend to emphasize structural and behavioral issues, whereas international research highlights communication’s contribution to occupational safety, employee satisfaction, and corporate social responsibility. These integrated insights underscore the necessity of designing formalized communication frameworks, enhancing communication-related competencies through systematic training, and embedding communication management within the organization’s strategic planning to foster resilience, trust, and sustained productivity. Implementing these improvement mechanisms can ultimately strengthen human capital, reduce operational risk, and enhance organizational resilience and productivity across the oil and gas industry.